Camarines Sur is situated at the southeastern portion of Luzon, about 450 km south of Manila, is bounded on the north by the Pacific Ocean, on the east by the Maqueda Channel, on the south by the Province of Albay, on the west by the Ragay Gulf, and on the northwest by the provinces of Camarines Norte and Quezon.

With a land area of 5,266 square kilometers, Camarines Sur is composed of five (5) congressional districts, with 35 municipalities and two cities: NAGA CITY, the lone chartered city, is the province's and the region's commercial, educational, financial, and cultural center, while IRIGA CITY, a component city, is the center of the Rinconada area.; composed 1,063 barangays divided into 1,353 enumeration areas. Noted for its volcanic soil, the province produces abaca, rice and coconut. Fishing and tourism are the important activities in its 497 kms shoreline.

The smallest fish “sinarapan” in the world is found in Lake Buhi. Pili trees, known for its nuts, grow abundantly in Camarines Sur. The capital town of Pili is named after the fruit. Camarines Sur derived its name from “camarin” the Spanish word for “rice granary” or warehouse.