The headline inflation in Camarines Sur slowed down to 3.6 percent in January 2024 from 5.3 percent recorded in December 2023. In addition, the inflation rate in January 2024 was lower by 6.0 percentage points than the inflation rate recorded in January 2023. The average year-to date inflation stood at 3.6 percent.

The downtrend in Camarines Sur’s inflation during the month of January 2024 was mainly brought about by the index of Food and Non-alcoholic Beverages with 6.6 percent. The main contributor for the inflation in this commodity group is Rice which increased by 8.4 percentage points from 30.4 percent recorded in December 2023 to 38.5 percent in January 2024.

Information and Communication was the second contributor in the Camarines Sur’s inflation rate with 9.4 percent. The third primary driver in the downtrend of inflation in the province in January 2024 was Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco with 11.1 percent inflation rate.

The annual upticks also slowed down in the index of Recreation, Sport and Culture, 4.3 percent; Personal Care, and Miscellaneous Goods and Services, 2.3 percent; Restaurant and Accommodation Services, 1.9 percent; Transport, 1.4 percent; Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas
and Other Fuels, -2.7 percent

On the other hand, Health recorded an uptrend recording an inflation rate of 2.0 percent from 1.9 percent in December 2023.

Meanwhile, Clothing and Footwear; Furnishings, Household Equipment and Routine Household Maintenance; and Education Services retained its previous month’s inflation rate, while Financial Services recorded zero percent annual growth.

Purchasing Power of Peso (PPP) is inversely related to inflation rate. Thus, as the inflation rate increases, PPP declines. Figure 4 shows that in Camarines Sur, PPP has been decreasing on the average of 0.04 annually from 2018 to 2023. The PPP in 2023 was 0.78. This implies that the PhP1.00 in 2018 as the base year, values only PhP0.78 in 2023.

CONSUMER PRICE INDEX (CPI)

The CPI is a measure of the changes in the average price level of goods and services that
most people buy for their day-to-day consumption. It measures the composite change in the
consumer prices of various commodities over time.

COMPONENTS OF CPI:

A. Base Period
The reference date or base period is the benchmark or reference date or period at which the index is taken as equal to 100. Starting February 2022, the base period is 2018.

B. Market Basket
A sample of the thousands of varieties of goods purchased for consumption and services availed by the households in the country selected to represent the composite price behaviour of all goods and services purchased by consumers.

C. Weighting System
The weighting pattern uses the expenditures on various consumer items purchased by households as proportion to total expenditure.

D. Formula
The formula used in computing the CPI is the weighted arithmetic mean of price relatives, the Laspeyre’s formula with a fixed base year period (2018) weights.

E. Geographic Coverage
CPI values are computed at the national, regional, and provincial levels, and for selected cities.

INFLATION RATE
The inflation rate is the annual or monthly rate of change of the CPI expressed in percent. Inflation is interpreted in terms of declining purchasing power of money.

HEADLINE INFLATION RATE
The headline inflation rate refers to the rate of change in the CPI, a measure of the average standard “basket” of goods and services consumed by a typical family.

YEAR-ON-YEAR INFLATION RATE
Year-On-Year Inflation Rate is the annual percentage change of CPI. For example, the percentage change of CPI between January 2023 and January 2024.

MONTH-ON-MONTH INFLATION RATE
Month-On-Month Inflation Rate is the monthly percentage change of CPI. For example, the percentage changes of CPI between January 2024 and December 2023.

PURCHASING POWER OF PESO (PPP)
The purchasing power of peso (PPP) shows how much peso in the base period is worth in the current period. It is computed as the reciprocal of the CPI for the period under review multiplied by 100.

For example, the PhP 1.00 in 2018 is valued only at PhP 0.83 in 2022.