The headline inflation for Bottom 30% Income Households in Camarines Sur increased to 1.9 percent in January 2025 from 1.8 percent recorded in December 2024. This brings the provincial average inflation to 1.9 percent. In addition, January 2024 inflation was higher by 2.1 percentage points compared to January 2025 inflation.

I. Main Contributors to the Year-on-Year Inflation

The main contributor to the inflation for Bottom 30% Income Households in Camarines Sur during January 2025 was Food and Non-alcoholic Beverages. This commodity group registered a 57.0 percent share or 1.08 points contribution to January 2025 Inflation.

Transport was the second contributor to the Camarines Sur’s inflation rate with a 17.1 percent share or 0.32 points, while the third primary contributor was Clothing and Footwear with a 11.6 percent share or 0.22 points.

II. Main Drivers to the Uptrend of the Year-on-Year Inflation

The uptrend in the overall inflation for Bottom 30% Income Households for January 2025 was primary influenced by the higher inflation rate in Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas and Other Fuels at -0.7 percent from -1.5 percent in the previous month. Electricity recorded -9.2 percent inflation from -12.1 percent in December 2024.

Moreover, higher inflation rates were also noted in the following indices:
1. Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco, 2.5 percent
2. Clothing and Footwear, 7.5 percent; and
3. Transport, 5.0 percent.

On the other hand, the following commodity groups registered lower inflation rates during the month:
1. Food and Non-Alcoholic Beverages, 1.7 percent;
2. Furnishings, Household Equipment and Routine Household Maintenance, 3.0 percent; and
3. Recreation, Sport and Culture, 9.3 percent.

Meanwhile, Health, Information and Communication, Education Services, Restaurant and Accommodation Services, and Personal Care, and Miscellaneous Goods and Services retained its previous month’s inflation rate, while Financial Services recorded zero percent annual growth.

CONSUMER PRICE INDEX (CPI)
The CPI is a measure of the changes in the average price of a fixed basket of goods and services commonly purchased by an average Filipino household. It shows how much on the average, prices of goods and services have increased or decreased from a particular reference period known as base year.

COMPONENTS OF CPI:
A. Base Period
The reference date or base period is the benchmark or reference date or period at which the index is taken as equal to 100. Starting March 2022, the base period is 2018.

B. Market Basket
A sample of the thousands of varieties of goods purchased for consumption and services availed by the households in the country selected to represent the composite price behaviour of all goods and services purchased by consumers.

C. Weighting System
The weighting pattern uses the expenditures on various consumer items purchased byhouseholds as proportion to total expenditure.

D. Formula
The formula used in computing the CPI is the weighted arithmetic mean of price relatives, the Laspeyre’s formula with a fixed base year period (2018) weights.

E. Geographic Coverage
CPI values are computed at the national, regional, and provincial levels, and for selected cities.

INFLATION RATE
The inflation rate is the annual or monthly rate of change of the CPI expressed in percent. Inflation is interpreted in terms of declining purchasing power of money.

HEADLINE INFLATION RATE
The headline inflation rate refers to the rate of change in the CPI, a measure of the average standard “basket” of goods and services consumed by a typical family. It refers to the annual rate of change or the year-on-year change in the CPI.

For example, the percentage change of CPI between January 2024 and January 2025.

MONTH-ON-MONTH INFLATION RATE
Month-On-Month Inflation Rate is the monthly percentage change of CPI. For example, the percentage changes of CPI between January 2025 and January 2024.

CPI FOR THE BOTTOM 30% INCOME HOUSEHOLDS
The CPI for bottom 30% income households is an indicator of the change in the average prices of goods and services commonly purchased by consumers whose per capita income fall below the bottom 30%.

The estimated weights of 2018-based CPI for bottom 30% income households were based from the results of the 2018 Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) for bottom 30% income households.